Keratoconus is often associated with other diseases, particularly those that affect the connective tissue. Keratoconus has been associated with atopic diseases, which include asthma, allergies, and eczema, and it is not uncommon for several or all of these diseases to affect one person. Keratoconus is also associated with Alport syndrome, Down syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), and Marfan syndrome.

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Orthokeratology, often abbreviated as Ortho-K or OK, is a non-surgical method for managing myopia (nearsightedness). It involves the use of specially designed rigid gas-permeable contact lenses that are worn overnight. These lenses reshape the cornea temporarily, providing clear vision without the need for glasses or contact lenses during the day.

Dry Eye Disease (DED) affects over 30 million people in North America alone, with more than 42% of patients showing symptoms. This highlights a substantial demand for eye care practitioners skilled in diagnosing and managing DED. Symptoms include persistent eye redness, a gritty sensation, intermittent blurred vision, and constant eye dryness or discomfort. Untreated DED can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life. It frequently coexists with conditions like allergies, diabetes, glaucoma, and among contact lens wearers.

In the evolving field of eye care, advanced instrumentation plays a crucial role in shaping and customizing scleral lens designs. These lenses, which vault over the cornea and rest on the sclera, demand precision for optimal vision correction and comfort. Integrating cutting-edge technology into clinical practices improves accuracy, enabling practitioners to offer personalized solutions for patients with irregular corneas. This combination of advanced tools and clinical expertise not only streamlines the fitting process but also elevates the overall quality of care, marking a significant advancement in contact lens practice.

Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are innovative cancer therapies that combine the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the cytotoxic potency of chemotherapeutic drugs, targeting cancer cells more precisely. However, the use of ADCs may be associated with ocular side effects, ranging from mild symptoms such as blurred vision to more severe complications like retinal toxicity, highlighting the need for careful monitoring and management in clinical practice.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive eye condition that predominantly affects individuals over the age of 50, gradually leading to central vision loss. As one of the leading causes of vision impairment among older adults, AMD primarily targets the macula, the central portion of the retina responsible for sharp and detailed vision. Early detection and timely management are crucial in mitigating the impact of AMD on visual function.

“Dry eye is a multi-factoral disease of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and accompanied by ocular symptoms, in which tear instability and hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation and damage, and neurosensory abnormalities play etiological roles”

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive diagnostic tool for practitioners, utilizing light waves to provide cross-section imaging of the retina. The OCT provides invaluable data within minutes that allows the practitioner to quickly and accurately diagnose patients. The technology has advanced tremendously over the years and has allowed for improved patient care on both ends.

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